Body behaves as Particle under Gravitation

Theorem

A body of finite volume under a gravitational force behaves identically to a point mass under the same gravitational force.


Proof


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Historical Note

The fact that a was proved by Isaac Newton after considerable work.

Some sources suggest that it took Newton some $20$ years to resolve this, and this is what explains the delay in publishing his work.

Its truth justifies the mathematical derivation of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.


Sources

  • 1937: Eric Temple Bell: Men of Mathematics ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $\text{VI}$: On the Seashore
  • 1992: George F. Simmons: Calculus Gems ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $\text {B}.25$: Kepler's Laws and Newton's Law of Gravitation