Chu-Vandermonde Identity/Proof 3

Theorem

\(\ds \sum_{k \mathop = 0}^n \binom r k \binom s {n - k}\) \(=\) \(\ds \binom r 0 \binom s n + \binom r 1 \binom s {n - 1} + \binom r 2 \binom s {n - 2} + \cdots + \binom r n \binom s 0\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \binom {r + s} n\)


Informal Proof

The right hand side can be thought of as the number of ways to select $n$ people from among $r$ men and $s$ women.

Each term in the left hand side is the number of ways to choose $k$ of the men and $n - k$ of the women.

$\blacksquare$


Source of Name

This entry was named for Chu Shih-chieh and Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde.


Sources

  • 1997: Donald E. Knuth: The Art of Computer Programming: Volume 1: Fundamental Algorithms (3rd ed.) ... (previous) ... (next): $\S 1.2.6$: Binomial Coefficients: $\text {I}$