Retinoblastoma protein

RB1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1AD6, 1GH6, 1GUX, 1H25, 1N4M, 1O9K, 1PJM, 2AZE, 2QDJ, 2R7G, 3N5U, 3POM, 4ELJ, 4ELL, 4CRI
Identifiers
Aliases	RB1, pRb, RB, retinoblastoma 1, OSRC, PPP1R130, p105-Rb, pp110, Retinoblastoma protein, RB transcriptional corepressor 1, p110-RB1
External IDs	OMIM: 614041; MGI: 97874; HomoloGene: 272; GeneCards: RB1; OMA:RB1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (human)
End	48,599,436 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (mouse)
End	73,563,262 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	epithelium of nasopharynx; ; Epithelium of choroid plexus; ; visceral pleura; ; germinal epithelium; ; gingival epithelium; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; parietal pleura; ; seminal vesicula; ; mucosa of paranasal sinus; ; Brodmann area 23;
	Top expressed in
	molar; ; fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell; ; blood; ; tibiofemoral joint; ; human fetus; ; hair follicle; ; secondary oocyte; ; cumulus cell; ; sexually immature organism; ; zygote;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; transcription coactivator activity; transcription factor binding; phosphoprotein binding; kinase binding; protein binding; androgen receptor binding; identical protein binding; enzyme binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; importin-alpha family protein binding; disordered domain specific binding; cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific;
Cellular component	PML body; SWI/SNF complex; transcription regulator complex; spindle; cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex; chromatin; nucleus; nucleoplasm; Rb-E2F complex;
Biological process	negative regulation of cell population proliferation; negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle; neuron apoptotic process; androgen receptor signaling pathway; chromatin remodeling; negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway; negative regulation of protein kinase activity; cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation; mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of macrophage differentiation; cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus; negative regulation of cell cycle; negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; transcription, DNA-templated; glial cell apoptotic process; regulation of cohesin loading; regulation of cell cycle; neuron maturation; cell division; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition; regulation of centromere complex assembly; enucleate erythrocyte differentiation; neuron differentiation; regulation of mitotic cell cycle; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; skeletal muscle cell differentiation; sister chromatid biorientation; protein localization to chromosome, centromeric region; cell cycle; striated muscle cell differentiation; Ras protein signal transduction; myoblast differentiation; viral process; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; neuron projection development; digestive tract development; maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion; regulation of lipid kinase activity; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; hepatocyte apoptotic process; apoptotic process; positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding; negative regulation of gene expression; regulation of cell growth; tissue homeostasis; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; negative regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; chromatin organization; aortic valve morphogenesis; negative regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of extracellular matrix organization; positive regulation of collagen fibril organization; negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation; cell differentiation; negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis; negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity; negative regulation of tau-protein kinase activity; negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5925
	19645
	ENSG00000139687
	ENSMUSG00000022105
	P06400
	P13405
	NM_000321
	NM_009029
	NP_000312; NP_000312.2
	NP_033055
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated Rb or pRb; gene name abbreviated Rb, RB or RB1) is a tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancers. One function of pRb is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide. When the cell is ready to divide, pRb is inactivated by phosphorylation, and the cell cycle is allowed to progress. It is also a recruiter of several chromatin remodeling enzymes such as methylases and acetylases.

pRb belongs to the pocket protein family, whose members have a pocket for the functional binding of other proteins. Should an oncogenic protein, such as those produced by cells infected by high-risk types of human papillomavirus, bind and inactivate pRb, this can lead to cancer. The RB gene may have been responsible for the evolution of multicellularity in several lineages of life including animals.