The "Five Eyes" all exchange information about visa applications. so...
Yes, your refusal of a Canadian visa may affect your applications to other countries.
That does not mean you will necessarily be refused a visa by those countries but there will be an effect. A triple-refusal is worse than a single refusal, because it indicates a 'get a visa at all costs" attitude which is itself suspicious.
All those countries require you to disclose information about refused visa applications from other countries, so you can be certain that they will know about your refusals. You need to tell them about the refusals when they ask because lying on a visa application is going to get you not just a refusal but a ban. Don't even think about failing to disclose the refusals.
After a triple refusal you are probably best off waiting a while before any future application. The ways to deal with the specific points are:
- Make sure you have sufficient money of your own, or from other legitimate sources (such as a scholarship) to cover your expenses. Do not accept loans or other temporary funding in order to boost your finances.
- Establish a record of visits to other countries, even as a tourist/visitor.
- Make for yourself ties to your homeland that will make it necessary for you to return.