Why do some tourist attractions forbid tourists to take photographs?

Question

In my travelling career, I have seen lots of no photography zones, but the reasoning behind it mostly made sense. It is related to national security (infrastructure, proximity of military bases) and museums (copyright issues and/or light-sensitive works).

However, I have seen also places where I could not justify it. For instance, recently I was in Jeita Grotto in Lebanon. They have a no photography policy that it is so strict that they require people to leave cameras and even mobile phones in a locker prior to entering. The cave is amazing, and it is a pity that I could not take any photos. And I still do not understand why, there is nothing sensitive inside. And it's not like I wouldn't go there if I had seen the photos. On the contrary, it would encourage me even more to go there after seeing the photos that other tourists took.

Why do some places have a strict no photo policy?

Answer 1

It sounds pretty similar to museums. Copyright isn't actually an issue for old works and should not concern the museum in any case (if some work is copyrighted, that's your problem if you do publish a reproduction, the museum does not need to enforce it on behalf of others). This leaves several potential reasons:

• Avoiding people standing in the way/slowing down visits/not paying attention to where they walk because they are taking pictures. Where that's a real concern, you sometimes see rules like “pictures allowed but no tripod”. This seems especially relevant in a dangerous environment like a cave.
• Protecting a stream of income, namely the sale of pictures of the works on display or, in this case, of the site itself. Sometimes you can even buy a photo of yourself in the site. Recent photographs, including your own, are generally protected by copyright and if nobody else has access, you ensure that no free pictures are available. In fact, it's precisely because museums cannot forbid reproductions of items in their collection using copyright that they need to prevent access to photographers.

In other places, religious issues play a role (see Mark Mayo's answer). Flashes can be a problem too (either because they disturb other visitors or because they damage sensitive items) but of course it's also possible to explicitly forbid that and still authorize photography (note that I don't think one is easier to enforce than the other and even in museums that completely forbid taking pictures, I have actually never seen anybody checking visitors for smartphones so that sounds like a pretty radical measure).

Then of course, many people first think about forbidding anything that does not absolutely need to be allowed in case it could somehow be profitable, rather than assess if it's beneficial or not on balance.

Answer 2

In grand summary (and standing upon the shoulders of all the other contributors!), photography restrictions (with or without flash) are frequently enforced at locations for the following reasons and needs; (in no particular order)

• Security

  • National – Military installations/Anti-Spying etc.
  • Local – High value exhibits on display.

• Protective

  • Privacy – Areas may overlook private habitation.
  • Safety – Areas may overlook protected environments e.g. schools, hospitals

• Local Taboo

  • Religion – Areas may be religiously unacceptable for photography.
  • Culture – Areas may be culturally unacceptable for photography.

• Health and safety

  • Safety to visitors – People trying to get pictures might cause trip, escape or other safety hazards
  • Safety to performers/guides – Staff may be distracted and put at risk of injury

• Pragmatism

  • Experience – People trying to get pictures might cause other visitors a reduced experience
  • Traffic flow – People trying to get pictures might delay visitor travel in heavy transit areas

• Revenue Impact

  • Onsite - Local memorabilia item sales may be affected by visitor photography.
  • Offsite – Visitor photography publishing might affect long-term ticket sales.

• Exhibit Impact

  • Ecological – Photography might disturb local wildlife
  • Preservation – Flash photography might damage exhibits or artefacts

• Local choice

  The last being a reflection that there may not necessarily be a legal, pragmatic or guessable restriction. It may just be a preference from the venue management, owners or local government policy that photography (with or without flash) is not allowed.

  Whether that decision is legal, moral or pragmatic can be an interesting argument, but in most circumstances, it's a rather moot point.

  As a visitor, you are allowed visitation rights in accordance to the venue's biddings under applicable laws. You have no rights beyond that unless argued in court according to applicable legislation.

  Under those circumstances, there's no universal answer to, "Why do some Tourist attractions forbid tourists to take photographs?" It's more of a case of asking, "What attractions allow me to take photographs without impact?"

Answer 3

Sometimes it is due to delays, we did some tours of old buildings in Turkey, due to the weak floors they would only allow a limited number of people in at a time. The next tour could not go in until all the people from the current tour had left.

The tour guild made it clear that no photos should be taken, as it slows down the tour too much. Even so, some very rude people still blocked doorways etc by taking photos.

There was free photos of each room on the website that anyone could download, so they were not trying to protect income.

Another common reason is the flashes going off affect other visitors and just asking people not to use flashes doesn’t work, as so many people ignore the instruction or don’t know how to turn off their flash.

Answer 4

Besides the already stated reasons there may be another one. Some types of light are highly harmful to paintings, photos, wood etc. For instance, the type of light Museums use in their rooms and in particular over art pieces is one of their concerns.

The reasons may vary from place to place. Flash light can be aggressive: If thousands of persons take pictures of a painting, for example, this piece is exposed all day long to this aggression and will suffer over time. In places with life/wild life like zoo's the same happens to avoid disturbing the animals. In churches and other religious spaces besides protecting the sacred art photos may be disallowed to avoid disturbing the ones that are there for religious purposes.

Of course you can say they could allow photos without flash. This happens sometimes, but it's hard to control. Often people just ignore it or can't even turn the flash off.

Note: Regarding art pieces degradation, although modern flash emits a lot less light in the UV range visible light is still harmful (https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/6264/does-camera-flash-destroy-art)

Answer 5

There are several possible reasons at many locations, as some have mentioned:

• protecting a revenue stream
• dark room / cave + flash = painful on people's eyes
• secrets / security reasons
• religious / sacred sites (eg certain places at Uluru - there are rules about who is allowed to see the sites with their own eyes, so can't risk having their own society accidentally seeing the images online!)

but in this case, as with tombs in Egypt and many other cave systems, it's to protect the cave itself. There's often mention of it affecting the animals in the cave systems (flash lights) - eg bats, and certainly in tombs, it affects the ink/paint used for many of the temple wall drawings.

I've heard argument that you should still be allowed to take non-flash photos, as that couldn't damage anything, but I guess if you've ever seen people in a football stadium - flashes going off everywhere, you can bet that if they allowed non-flash photos, people who don't know how to use their camera would still trigger flashes constantly, so instead a blanket ban is enforced.

Answer 6

I'm not familiar with the Jeita Grotto in Lebanon, but assuming it is a cave (and that caves are dark) one potential reason is that peoples' eyes adjust to the light inside the cave. With flashes going off, it may both destroy the ambiance in the cave but also be a hazard if people are temporarily 'blinded'.

Answer 7

I asked one of the guards at Jeita Grotto and she answered that they had tourists leaving the marked trails to take pictures, maybe they destroyed some of the stalactites (or stalacmites?).

It really is a pity though. The official photos that you can buy on CD (a Flash slideshow) are horrible. The lighting in the cave is much more beautiful than the on-camera flash that the photographer used.